Plants
Are these safe to eat?
Amanita muscaria (Fly agaric) is a highly poisonous mushroom that can have a red or yellow cap, The cap often has white warts on the surface and there maybe a veil and enlarged volva at the base of the stalk. It is called a fly agaric because some folks would put pieces of the mushroom in a small bowl of milk in order to entice and kill flies. In Siberia some people would drink a tea made from this mushroom for its hallucinogenic effects, others would drink the urine from those that ingested this mushroom to avoid some of the unpleasant side effects. The ferociousness of Viking Berserkers has also been attributed to eating this mushroom before battle (Davis et. al. 2012 Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America , page 36).
*
Viking swords honoring the Amanita muscaria
*
- A Modern Herbal (Mrs. M. Grieve)
- Greek & Latin in Botanical Terminology
- Plantae
- Tips for Identifying and Photographing Mushrooms (Dr. Robert Berdan)
*
Zuni Medicine Bag, late 19th century
Dimensions Overall: 5 1/2 × 1 7/8 × 1/2 inches (14 × 4.8 × 1.3 cm)
- A Brief History of Magic Mushrooms in BC (Paul Kroeger, 2018)
- Altered States of Consciousness (Ember & Carolus, 2017)
- An AnthropolPogical Analysis of Ayahuasca (Seddon, 2014)
- Analysis of the differences between hallucinations caused by natural hallucinogens and schizophrenia (Kristofer L. Korth)
- A Psychedelic Right (Volteface)
- A Radical New Approach to Beating Addiction (Psychology Today, 2017)
- Archaeologists have found a pouch in a burial site at the Cueva del Chilano rock shelter in Bolivia that contains traces of five psychoactive substances [2019].
- Archaeologists Identify Traces of Burnt Cannabis in Ancient Jewish Shrine
- Ayahuasca: Basic Info (ICEERS)
- Ayahuasca king: the man who gives jungle ‘medicine’ to lost souls
- Ayahuasca: Psychological and Physiologic Effects, Pharmacology and
Potential Uses in Addiction and Mental Illness (Hamill, et al. 2019) - Beauty of the Primitive: Shamanism and Western Imagination (Znamenski, 2007)
- Beginner’s Guide to Healing with Huachuma (San Pedro) (Balam Seer)
- Beyond Cannabis: Psychedelic Decriminalization and Social Justice (D. Marlan, 2019)
- Canadian revival of psychedelic drug research
- Center for Substance Abuse Research
- Chacruna Institute for Psychedelic Plant Medicines
- Compass raises $80M to take magic mushroom drug toward phase 3
- Court Decision Regarding the Native American Church (Arizona, 1960)
- Cultures of chemically induced hallucinations (Vaughn Bell, 2014)
- Did any Native American tribes of North America ceremonially use psilocybin mushrooms?
- Drug cultures around the world
- Drugs from the Colonies (John Carter Brown Library)
- Ecopsychology and the Psychedelic Experience (David Luke, 2013)
- Egypt unearths ‘world’s oldest’ mass-production brewery
- Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology
- Entheogen (Psychonaut Wiki)
- Ergot of Rye
- Erowid
- Fascinating History Of Psilocybin Mushrooms
- Fast-acting psychedelic associated with improvements in depression/anxiety
- Great Power And Great Responsibility Of Using Psychedelic Medicine
- Handbook of Medicinal Herbs (James A. Duke, CRC Press, 2002)
- Hallucinogenic Drugs (Katherine Bonson, 2001)
- Hallucinogenic drugs in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures (F.J. Carod-Artal, 2015)
- Hallucinogenic Plants (Richard Evans Shultes, Golden Press, 1976)
- Humans’ Earliest Evidence of Tobacco Use Uncovered in Utah
- Hallucinogens in North America | Singing to the Plants
- Hallucinogens in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures (F.J. Carod-Artal, 2015)
- Historical and Cultural Uses of Cannabis and the Canadian “Marijauna Clash” (Senate of Canada, 2002)
- History of Psychedelics: How the Mazatec Tribe Brought Entheogens to the World
- Identification of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and β-carbolines in psychotropic ayahuasca beverage (Gamelunghe, et al. 2008)
- Identity of a New World Psychoactive Toad (Davis & Weil, 1992)
- Indigenous Religious Traditions
- International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, & Service (ICEERS)
- International Pharmacopoeia (2019)
- Inuit Plant Use in the Eastern Sub-Arctic (Cuerrier, Clark, & Norton, 2019)
- Legal Bases for Religious Peyote Use (Kevin Feeney, 2007)
- Lester Grinspoon, Harvard psychiatrist and early champion of marijuana reforms, dies at 92
- Magic Mushroom Guide (Potent, c.2016)
- Magic Mushrooms Guide: Where Shrooms are Legal and How to Take Psilocybin (Newsweek, 7/3/19)
- Magic mushrooms may have been used in Japan since Jomon times
- Magic Mushrooms or Medicinal Mushrooms (ANGLES, 2015)
- ‘Magic’ mushrooms grow in man’s blood after he injects its tea into veins
- Medical Marijuana
- Medicinal Plants of the North Cascades (Martine Mariott, 2010)
- Motion to prevent sale of magic mushrooms defeated by Vancouver council
- Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies
- Mushrooms as Sacred Objects in North America (Cornell Mushroom Blog, 2010)
- Mystery of why magic mushrooms go blue solved
- Mysterious And Lost Magic Mushroom Rituals Of The Ancient Celts
- Native American Church (iPortal, U of S)
- Native American Church: Higher Court Rulings
- Native American Ethnobotany Database
- Native American Medicinal Plants (Daniel E. Moerman, 2009)
- Native hallucinogenic drugs piptadenias (Marcel Granier-Doyeux, UN, 1965)
- Neo-Shamanism (Scuro & Rodd, 2015)
- Oakland in California Decriminalizes Magic Mushrooms and Peyote (2019)
- Oklevueha Native American Church
- People v. Woody: Opinion (California, 1964)
- Peyote (CESAR)
- Peyote and the racialized war on drugs (Lisa Barnett, 2016)
- Peyote Exemption for Native American Church (US DEA, 1981)
- Peyote as Medicine (Kevin Feeney, 2013)
- Phytognosis (Spencer Woodard)
- Plant medicines in indigenous cultures (Psychedelic Scientist, 2019)
- Psilocybe (Mushroom Observer)
- Psilocybin and Indigenous Cultures
- Psilocybin: summary of knowledge and new perspectives (2013)
- Psilocybin/Psilocyn | CESAR
- Psychedelic drugs, ketamine change structure of neurons
- Psychedelic Library
- Psychedelic microdosing in rats shows beneficial effects
- Road to Eleusis (Wasson, Hofmann, & Ruck. c. 1977)
- Role of Indigenous knowledges in psychedelic science (Evgenia Fotiou, 2020)
- Rites of Passage
- Schedule I Sacrament (Eve Driver, 2019)
- Singing to the Plants (Steve Beyer)
- Spirituality and Health (Manitoba, 2017)
- Supreme Court Rules that Religious Group Can Use Illegal Drug (2008)
- Technique of Psychotherapy (Lewis R. Wolfberg, 2013)
- Therapeutic Potentials of Ayahuasca (Fresca, Bokor, & Winkelman, 2016)
- Traditional Medicine (Indigenous Studies Portal Research Tool, U of S)
- Traditional Medicine for Canada’s First Peoples (Raymond Obomsawin, 2007)
- Traditional Plant Foods of Canadian Indigenous Peoples (Kuhnlein & Turner, 1991)
- Traditional use of medicinal plants of the boreal forest of Canada (Uprety, et al, 2012)
- Trip Treatment (Michael Pollan, 2015)
- Tripping on Peyote in Navajo Nation (John Horgan, 2017)
- Under the Spell of the Magic Mint (Christopher Ketcham, MAPS, 2007)
- Use of psychoactive mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest: An ethnopharmacologic report (A. Weil, 1977)
- What is the history of psychoactive mushrooms? | Drug Policy Alliance
- Vancouver forges new paths in revival of psychedelic research (Travis Lupick, 2018)
*
Remember, Folks: Snake venom is 100% natural, and can be medicinal – and it can kill.
“What is there that is not poison? All things are poison and nothing is without poison. Solely the dose determines that a thing is not a poison.” (Paracelsus)
Be well informed, and take good care in your choices with medicinals, so as to not poison yourself.
*
The same ecosphere 3 days old and one month old.
*
Growth Experiments
- A Different Kind of Green Movement: Seedling Growth in Space
- COMPOST AND PLANT GROWTH EXPERIMENTS
- Effect of Salinity on the Time Course of Wheat Seedling Growth
- Effect of seeding depth on seedling growth and dry matter partitioning in American ginseng
- Effects of compost on plant growth
- Effects of Environment on Seed Germination
- Effects of low temperature on seed germination
- Fun with Fungi (Intermountain Herbarium)
- Garbage Can Gardening
- International Plant Growth Experiment (for Earthlings)
- Kitchen Scrap Gardening: Regrow Your Fruits and Vegetables!
- Late planted potato experiment
- Plant-A-Plant Seed Germination Laboratory Guide
- Plants, Fungi, and Soil Amendments
- Seed Germinator (Exploratorium)
- Seed Sprouting Science
- Sunflower Competition Experiment Booklet
- Virtual Pocket Seed Experiment
*
*
“Compost Salad”
*
- A Quick Primer on Mulch
- Botanic Gardens Conservation International
- Calgary Horticultural Society
- Commercial Composting of Fisheries Waste
- Composting Program FAQs
- Composting for the Home Owner
- Holistic Agriculture Library
- Landscaping
- Leveraging Biodegradation and Composting to Divert Waste from Landfills
- Master Gardener Basic Training Program
- Repairing the Soil Carbon Rift
- Soil Amendments
- U of S Fruit Program
- Using Coffee Grounds as Garden Fertilizer
*
David Latimer first planted his bottle garden in 1960 and last watered it in 1972 before tightly sealing it shut ‘as an experiment’ . [He definitely be getting an “A” for this one.]
“The hardy spiderworts plant inside has grown to fill the 10-gallon container by surviving entirely on recycled air, nutrients and water
Bottle gardens work because their sealed space creates an entirely self-sufficient ecosystem in which plants can survive by using photosynthesis to recycle nutrients.
The only external input needed to keep the plant going is light, since this provides it with the energy it needs to create its own food and continue to grow.
Light shining on the leaves of the plant is absorbed by proteins containing chlorophylls (a green pigment).
Some of that light energy is stored in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a molecule that stores energy. The rest is used to remove electrons from the water being absorbed from the soil through the plant’s roots.
These electrons then become ‘free’ – and are used in chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide into carbohydrates, releasing oxygen.
This photosynthesis process is the opposite of the cellular respiration that occurs in other organisms, including humans, where carbohydrates containing energy react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and release chemical energy.
But the eco-system also uses cellular respiration to break down decaying material shed by the plant. In this part of the process, bacteria inside the soil of the bottle garden absorbs the plant’s waste oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide which the growing plant can reuse.
And, of course, at night, when there is no sunlight to drive photosynthesis, the plant will also use cellular respiration to keep itself alive by breaking down the stored nutrients.
Because the bottle garden is a closed environment, that means its water cycle is also a self-contained process.
The water in the bottle gets taken up by plants’ roots, is released into the air during transpiration, condenses down into the potting mixture, where the cycle begins again.”
*
New Guinea has greatest plant diversity of any island in the world, study reveals
*
You must be logged in to post a comment.